The updated guidelines recognize the limitations of BMI alone in diagnosing obesity and recommend a multidimensional approach incorporating body fat assessment (e.g., DEXA, waist ratios) and evaluation of organ dysfunction or functional limitations. Obesity is classified as clinical or preclinical, with management centered on prevention, personalization, and functional health outcomes

This new IDF Global Clinical Practice Recommendations for Managing Type 2 Diabetes – 2025 provide healthcare professionals with contemporary framework for effective management of diabetes. The recommendations are based on the review of the latest therapeutic and technological evidence.

Recent research of 3,713 pregnant women revealed that those consuming ≤4 glasses of water had elevated rates of oligohydramnios (52.3% vs 3.1%) and vaginal bleeding (45.5% vs. 0%) than those drinking ≥12 glasses. Perinatal deaths were also more common in preterm births with oligohydramnios (45.5%). Findings highlight the critical role of adequate hydration in reducing pregnancy complications.

Adults born preterm with very low birth weight (VLBW, <1500 g) showed impaired lung function into their mid-30s, with the decline more pronounced in those with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Compared to term-born peers, BPD-VLBW adults had markedly reduced forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (mean z-score difference −1.49) and FEV1/forced vital capacity (−0.84). Even VLBW adults without BPD exhibited mild decline.

A meta-analysis confirmed that weight-loss intervention can lower psoriasis severity. Analyzing 11 trials, dietary modifications with or without exercise or pharmacotherapy resulted in an average weight loss of 6.3 kg & a mean PASI reduction of 1.9. These interventions increased the odds of achieving PASI 75 and 50 by 60%, supporting integration of weight-loss strategies into routine psoriasis care for obese patients

A meta-analysis of seven trials comprising 8,035 CT-confirmed acute uncomplicated diverticulitis patients found no difference in mortality (OR 1.06), complications (OR 0.67), emergency surgery (OR 0.60), or recurrence (OR 0.96) between antibiotic and non-antibiotic treatment. Length of hospital stay was slightly shorter with non-antibiotic treatment, supporting selective antibiotic use in clinically stable patients.